The National Library of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) was opened on September 14, 1925, by the decision of the local Soviet Council. With assistance of a special committee of the USSR Academy of Sciences, books and other resources for the library were donated by ninety-nine academic, governmental and public organizations and institutions of Moscow, Leningrad and other cities. In September 1927, the Library opened its first reading hall, which exhibited new books and provided regular library services. From the start, the library became a major cultural center in the Sakha Republic. In 1928, N.N. Gribanovsky, the first bibliographer of Yakutia, joined the library’s staff and launched a comprehensive program of developing systematic bibliography of books and materials on local history, economy and folklore, which resulted in creating the Yakutia Foundation.

Today the National Library of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is one of the largest libraries in the North East of Russia, a major research center for library science, bibliography and book history, and a coordinating and instructional center for all municipal libraries in Yakutia. It is the largest book repository in the republic and an object of great academic and cultural value. By 1 January 2002, the library resource base boasted 1,397,175 volumes. Annually the library provides services for 35,000 patrons, and the volume of its book exchange amounts to more than 860,000 books and periodicals. The library also has eleven reading halls with for 400 readers.

In September 2007, the Legal and Business Information Center of the National Library joined the Russian network of IDEA Centers. The IDEA Center provides free computer literacy trainings for underserved population groups, enabling them to acquire basic computer and Internet skills.